Sony has been kind enough to upload a couple videos detailing what all will be included in the PlayStation 3 2.40 firmware update over on its blog. The two most noted updates is the in-game XMB access and the Trophy system.
The Sony PlayStation XMB (Cross Media Bar)is like the main PS3 user interface. This is where the user can get access to the PlayStation store, settings, etc. This update allows the user to get access to the XMB while in-game. To do so you will likely want to pause your game then push the PlayStation button on your controller. It will pop up the XMB and allow the user to do anything from change settings, see friends online, read messages and even play custom music.
Without being too blatant, the Trophy system is like the Xbox 360's Achievements system. You can be awarded with a Trophy while playing a game and achieving a specific goal. The Trophies are forever linked to your PS3 account and lets you compare Trophies with your other friends and more.
While the Trophy system is pretty mediocre, the in-game supported XMB is a much-needed and much-appreciated update to the PS3.